The short answer is: it depends on the type, size, and number of fish, the size and shape of the tank, the temperature and pH of the water, and the presence of live plants and other decorations. Some fish can survive for a long time without an oxygen pump, while others may suffocate in a matter of hours. In this article, we will explain the factors that affect the oxygen level in an aquarium, how to tell if your fish need more oxygen, and what to do if your oxygen pump stops working.
An oxygen pump, also known as an air pump, is a device that pumps air into the water through a tube and a diffuser, creating bubbles that rise to the surface. The bubbles increase the surface agitation of the water, which allows more oxygen to dissolve from the air into the water. Oxygen is essential for the survival and health of fish and other aquatic organisms, as they use it to breathe and metabolize food.
An oxygen pump is not the only way to provide oxygen to your fish. In fact, most aquarium filters also create some surface agitation and oxygenation as they return the filtered water to the tank. Moreover, live plants can produce oxygen through photosynthesis during the day, although they consume oxygen at night. Therefore, depending on the type and number of fish and plants you have, you may not need an oxygen pump at all.
However, an oxygen pump can be beneficial for some situations, such as:
If you have a large number of fish or fish that require high oxygen levels, such as goldfish, bettas, gouramis, and cichlids.
If you have a deep or narrow tank that has less surface area for gas exchange.
If you have a warm or acidic water that holds less oxygen than cold or alkaline water.
If you have a lot of decorations or ornaments that reduce the water circulation and surface area.
If you want to create a more natural and aesthetic look for your aquarium with bubbles and air stones.
How to tell if your fish need more oxygen?
Fish that are suffering from low oxygen levels may show some signs of distress, such as:
Gasping at the surface of the water or near the filter outlet.
Swimming less actively or staying at the bottom of the tank.
Losing their appetite or color.
Becoming more susceptible to diseases or parasites.
If you notice any of these symptoms, you should check the oxygen level in your tank with a dissolved oxygen meter or test kit. The optimal oxygen level for most freshwater fish is between 5 and 8 ppm (parts per million), although some fish can tolerate lower or higher levels. You should also check the water temperature, pH, ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate levels, as they can affect the oxygen level and the fish health.
What to do if your oxygen pump stops working?
If your oxygen pump stops working, you should not panic, as your fish may still have enough oxygen to survive for a while. However, you should take some steps to restore the oxygen level as soon as possible, such as:
Check the power supply and the connections of the oxygen pump. It may be a simple issue of a loose plug, a tripped circuit breaker, or a dead battery.
Check the air tube and the diffuser for any blockages or leaks. They may be clogged by algae, dirt, or debris, or damaged by chewing or biting.
Replace the oxygen pump with a spare one or borrow one from a friend or a pet store. You can also use a battery-operated air pump or a solar-powered air pump as a backup.
Increase the water circulation and surface agitation by adjusting the filter flow, adding a powerhead, or using a spray bar.
Reduce the water temperature by adding ice cubes, frozen water bottles, or a fan. This will increase the oxygen solubility and lower the oxygen demand of the fish.
Reduce the fish population or feed them less. This will decrease the oxygen consumption and the waste production of the fish.
Add more live plants or algae to the tank. They will produce oxygen during the day and consume carbon dioxide and ammonia, which are toxic to the fish.
Perform a partial water change with dechlorinated and aerated water. This will replenish the oxygen and remove the pollutants from the water.
An oxygen pump is a useful device that can enhance the oxygen level and the appearance of your aquarium. However, it is not always necessary or sufficient to provide enough oxygen to your fish. You should monitor the oxygen level and the fish behavior regularly and adjust the tank conditions accordingly. You should also have a backup plan in case your oxygen pump fails or malfunctions. By following these tips, you can ensure that your fish have a healthy and happy life in your aquarium.
